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Friday, April 11, 2008
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Friday, April 4, 2008
26 Tax-Saving Moves (Malaysia)
They are legal and permitted by Inland Revenue Board (IRB)
1) Save for your Child’s Education
Since 2007, any amount that is deposited into a savings account for your child under national Education Savinds Scheme ( Skim Simpanan Pendidikan Nasional ) allows you to claim tax deductions.
Tax Deduction: RM3000 per individual, spouse who file separate tax returns can each claim this amount .
For Mr A: As he falls in the 24% tax bracket, he can save RM720 (RM3000@24%)
2) File Separate tax returns
A separate assessment allow each spouse to claim personal tax relief of RM8000 while a joint tax return allows one spouse to claim a wife or husband relief of RM3000
Tax Deduction: Each spouse earning Taxable income can claim personal tax relief of RM8000 by filling separate tax returns.
3) Ask your employer to increase your EPF contributions
Contributions to the EPF are tax-exempt for the employees.
To reduce your taxable income, ask your employer to reduce your monthly salary but increase your EPF contributions in same amount.
For Mr A: Mr A agrees to takle monthly pay cut of RM1000 for an equivalent increase in his EPF contributions. At the end of the year, he receives an additional RM12000 in his pension fund but his taxable income is reduced by the same amount.
4) Change your cash remuneration to cash reimbursement
Fixed allowances given by your employer each month for entertainment and housing or parking fees are taxable at your tax bracket.
Change this to a “ reimbursement “ based on receipt and you are not taxed on the amount received.
For Mr A: By Changing a yearly fixed allowance of RM6000 to a reimbursement of the same amount & supported by receipts, Mr A saves RM1440 (RM6000@24%)
5) Ask for a company car
A car given by your employer is regarded as a benefit-in kind (BIK) & taxable.
However, a company car is advantageous for taxpayers because the preset tax scale for cars is much lower than the actual cost of buying & maintaining a car.
According to the Public ruling for BIKs, the tax payer must pay RM3600 in taxes every year, for a car worth RM75000
If the employer pays for fuel, the tax payer is taxed an additional RM1200 for this BIK
Tax deduction: Whether you benefit from a company car depends on the value of the car & your current tax bracket.
6) Make charitable contributions
A gift of money to an approved charitable organisation entitles you to a tax deduction for the amount given.
From 2008 onward, this amount cannot exceed 7% of your aggregate income.
However Charitable donations that were made in 2007 are not subject to this limit.
Tax deduction: Up to 7% of your aggregate taxable income can be reduced with this deduction.
For Mr A: With his taxable income of RM90000, Mr A can make a donation of RM6300 & saves RM1512 (RM6300@24%)
7) Take Up postgraduate studies
A relief of RM5000 per year for any course of study at the Master’s or doctorate level, the government announced in 2007 Budget the widening of the scope to all postgraduate studies.
The course does not have to be done full time, but must be in an institution or professional body in Malaysia recognised by the government or approved by Minister of Finance
Tax Deduction: RM5000 per individual
For Mr A: As he completes his master’s degree. Mr A can save RM1200 (RM5000@24%)
8) Read, Read, Read
Starting from 2007, taxpayers can claim a personal tax deduction to RM1000 for purchase of books, journals, magazines & other publications.
To maximise this generous deduction, consider giving books as gifts.
Tax Deduction: RM1000 per individual
For Mr A: With book purchases of RM1000 Mr A saves RM240 (RM1000@24%)
9) Get Sporty
You will get a deduction of RM300 for each year of assessment for the purchase of sports and exercise equipment for any sports activities defined under the Sport Development Act 1997
Tax Deduction: RM300 per individual
For Mr A: By buying RM300 worth of sports equipment, Mr A saves RM71 (RM300@24%)
10) Buy Life Insurance
The maximum tax relief is RM6000 a year for premiums paid to an insurance company for life Insurance or deferred annuity plans.
This Limit is shared with your contributions to the EPF, other employer schemes & contributions under any written law relating to widows or orphan pensions
Tax deduction: RM6000 per individual (shared with your EPF contributions)
11) Take out a Medical or Education policy
You can claim deductions of up to RM3000 a year for education & medical insurance (combined limit for both)
This includes medical coverage that is part of life insurance policy
A policy of this kind can be written for you, your spouse or your child.
Tax deduction: RM3000 per individual
For Mr A: After acquiring an education policy for his children, Mr A saves RM720 (RM3000@24%)
12) Pay your parents’ medical bills
You are able to claim up to RM5000 for payments towards your parents’ medical bills.
Tax deduction: RM5000 per individual
For Mr A: By paying his parents’ medical bills, Mr A saves RM1200 (RM5000@24%)
13) Medical
Claim a deduction of up to RM500 per tax year for a full medical examination & RM 5000 for medical expenses for yourself, spouse or child for serious disease.
If you have also spent money on full medical in the same year, your claim will be reduce the RM5000 available for serious disease.
A separate tax reduction of up to RM5000 a year is given for necessary basic supporting equipment for disabilities suffered by yourself, spouse, children or parent
Tax Deduction:
RM 500 per individual for full medical check-up.
RM5000 for serious diseases or basic supporting equipment
For Mr A: He claimed for a full medical check-up & saves RM120 (RM500@24%)
14) Pay Zakat
If you are a muslim, paying any amount in zakat, fitrah or other obligation Islamic dues will entitle you to a tax rebate.
Tax deduction: The Amount of zakat that you pay
15) Buy a Computer
A deduction of up to RM3000 can be claimed once every three years for the purchase of computers, printers & bundled software.
The similar incentive given previously in the form of a tax rebate was withdrawn with effect from 2007
Tax deduction: RM3000 once every three years.
For Mr A: Getting a computer for RM3000 & he can save RM720 (RM3000@24%)
16) Hire a Tax Consultant
Consider hiring a tax consultant to explore ways your remuneration package can be structured to maximise your tax savings.
Those who are earning at least RM5000 every month should be able to justify the cost of hiring a tax adviser with their tax savings
Tax saving: this is dependent on your personal circumstances & the deal that you negotiate with your employer.
Tax–Savvy Investments:
17) Buy property valued below or at RM250000
Stamp duty must be paid on all property transactions that involve a change of legal ownership.
Last year’s budget (2008) announced a 50% stamp duty exemption for the purchase of houses that do not exceed RM250000
The maximum tax savings that can be found here is RM2000 (for a house worth RM250000)
This exemption is only given for one house per individual & applies to sale & purchase agreement signed between September 2007 & December 2010
18) Buy Similar property
Similar property can be grouped together for income tax purposes.
The IRB has indentified categories such as residential, commercial & vacant land.
If you own two property in the same category, you can reduce the taxable profit made from one property with the loss, if any incurred from the other.
Property investors are also exempt from real property gains tax for all disposals on or after 1st April 2007.
However, taxpayers who are trading property–buying & selling in order to generate income–are liable to income tax.
This exemption is meant for taxpayers who invest in property for a passive income
Tax deduction: Taxable income received from renting out a property in a particular grouping such as residential can be reduced if a loss was incurred by another property in the same group.
19) Buy shares
Invest in dividend-yielding shares if your tax bracket is above 26%.
A new single-tier system was established under the national Budget for dividends received by shareholders.
Companies pay tax of 26% (YA2008) and shareholders receive a net dividend that is exempt from tax & does not need to be filed with the IRB “Shareholders who fall into higher tax brackets [higher than 26%] are essentially [getting a] saving on the difference.
The single-tier dividends is intended to simplify the tax filing process for individuals.
From now on, there is no need to declare or apply for a refund. And as corporate taxes are falling, companies will be able to pass on more profits to their shareholders [in the form of dividends].
However, not all companies will go under the single-tier system immediately as some of them might have imputation tax credits left, which they can use till 2013.
Shareholders who receive dividends from companies using the imputation system will have to report the amount received and claim a tax refund if his personal tax rate is lower than the company’s tax rate (27% in YA2007, 26% in YA2006).
Shareholders can identify the system used by the company as it is stated in the dividend vouchers.
Tax Deduction: Your tax saving is the difference between your tax bracket & 26% (the corporate tax rate). This is only applicable to dividends given out by companies using the single-tier system.
20) Invest in REITs
You can go into real estate investment trusts (REITS)if your tax bracket above 15%.
There are 11 REITs listed on the Main Board.
The tax on dividends given out by these property-related investments are taxed at 15% as compared to tax on dividend at 26% (under the new single–tier dividend system)
Only tax brackets exceeding 15% would enjoy some tax savings by investing in REITs
Since the distributions received by individual taxpayers have been subject to that 15%, the taxpayers are not required to declare the amount in their tax return.
Tax deduction: Your tax saving is the difference between your personal tax bracket & 15%
Moves for Business Owners:
21) Maintain books and records from Day 1
Keep separate bank accounts for personal & business transactions & establish a basic accounting system.
The IRB recognises business income on an accrual basis.
This means that as long as a transaction is completed, either a sale of goods or a provision of service, its value is immediately treated as business income & is taxable.
However, unpaid transaction can be reduced your taxable income.
Any expenses made for the business can be deducted from the business income.
The General rule is that expenses can be deducted if it is wholly & exclusively incurred in earning your business income.
So Keep the receipts for all supplies that you buy for your business
However there is no deduction for capital expenditure although some assets will qualify for tax relief by way of capital allowances
22) Time the purchase & use of your fixed assets
Capital allowances are permitted for certain business assets such as equipment, machinery, vehicles computers & software.
The amount of allowances permitted each year depends on the category that asset falls into. (refer to Public Ruling No 2/2001 for the deductible rate of your assets.
The first capital allowance is given for the accounting year in which the asset was purchased & used by the business.
If you are contemplating a purchase, try to do it before the end of the accounting year, instead of just after, to claim the capital allowance against your business income.
If you are buying the asset with a hire-purchase loan, allowance can only be claimed as & when repayments are made to the lender.
23. Buys a company car
If you are a sole trader/partner in a business, any car or vehicle that is used for business purposes can bring about tax deductions.
The business income is reduced by the car’s financing cost if you buy the car on hire-purchase.
You are also deduct a certain amount for capital allowances every year,
Before implementing this tax-saving technique, business owners must identify a percentage of the car’s use that is for private activities.
As there is no definite ruling on how to determine this proportion for private use, business owners must apply a fair & reasonable figure that can withstand scrutiny.
Estimating private mileage is an exercise that must be undertaken in accordance to the facts on your actual usage.
24. Hire your spouse or family member
An effective tax-saving strategy is to hire a spouse or family member.
For example, a husband who is a business owner can hire his wife. The wife’s salary is tax deductible but you must be able to show that she is doing something to earn it,
In this situation, you would have to contribute to your wife’s EPF savings & that amount entitles her to tax relief.
Another option is to make your spouse/family member a partner in your business.
This allows you to divide the income made by the business between the both of you.
As a partnership has no tax liability, both partners are liable for tax for the respective portion of business income that each earns.
By opting for separate tax assessments, a husband & wife who are partners in a business can each claim individual tax relief.
25. Implement a process to ‘chase after’ unpaid debts
Unfortunately, small business owners can complete a sale or service but might not receive payment, in full or in part.
At the end of an accounting year, a debt, which is estimated to be wholly or partly irrecoverable, can be deducted from your business income & this lowers your tax bill.
Tax authorities tend to look closely at bad-debt write-offs & provisions (for debts that are expected to be partly recoverable).
So put in some effort to recover the debt before deeming it irrecoverable & you must evaluate each debt separately.
The process that you put in place to recover your unpaid debts should be documented & any conclusion that you make should be supported with documentation as well.
For example, you must show why it is not cost effective to take legal action against a customer.
However, if you eventually recover bad debts that have been written off or partially written off, you must include this amount in your taxable income for the year that you received payment.
26. Dedicate a space in your home office
Working in your own house can result in tax deductions for the costs related to your “home office”.
This includes electricity, telephone bills, quit rent & service charges of apartments.
The best way to claim for these deductions is to dedicate a room or place as the working environment.
A dedicated area helps to identify expenses that are specifically for business purposes & can be claimed in full.
Items that are used by the business as well as personal use, such as electricity, must be apportioned.
One way to do so is on the basis of floor area.
If the business owner pays rent for the working area, this expense can be deducted from the business income.
This applies to rent that is paid to a spouse who owns the home but is not involved in the business.
However, this is strategy is only effective if the spouse who is not involved in the business is taxed at a low tax rate as rental received must be declared as taxable income.
If this is an appropriate strategy for the business owner, A tenancy agreement that specifies rental for a specific part of the house at the prevailing market rate.
